Exercise Self-Efficacy, Body Image, and Perception of Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults

Abstract

This study aims, aimed to determine the relationships between exercise self-efficacy and body image and HRQOL in older adults and to investigate their effects on HRQOL. Methods: The study was a population-based cross-sectional survey of 166 people aged 60 and over (96 male and 70 female). The data were collected using participants who completed a Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESS), and Body Image Scale (BIS) which consisted.  The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Age, gender, monthly income, marital status, education level, occupation, and smoking Categorical data such as alcohol use and congenital diseases were compared using independent samples t-test, coefficient, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The Male respondents had higher HRQOL (89.55 ± 9.05) than the female respondents. The age group 80 and over years had the lowest ESS (62.65 ± 13.4), HRQOL (82.27 ± 11.24) and BIS (165.1 ± 21.7). The lowest income group (<1,000/month) had the lowest ESS (60.13 ± 14.4), HRQOL (80.59 ± 14.97) and BIS (168.0 ± 22.9). There were significant differences between gender, education, occupation, age, monthly income status, BIS, and ESS (p <0.01, p = 0.001, p = 0.05, respectively). The associations between Overall HRQOL and gender, age, education level, marital status, and were found statistically significant (p < 0.01, p = 0.001, p = 0.05, respectively). Conclusion it shows that BIS, ESS, and health-promoting behaviors are important for HRQOL of individuals aged 60 and over. This suggests that individuals with higher levels of ESS may experience better overall health and BIS.