Osteoarthritis is a degenerative chronic joint disease characterized by mechanical inflammation of the synovial membrane and damage to articular cartilage, with pain as the main symptom. Conservative treatment focuses on alleviating the symptoms and improving the quality of life. Paracetamol and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which patients often take to relieve pain, can cause various side effects. Therefore, intra-articular injections have been increasingly used recently and have shown good results. Most used are injections based on corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), with PRP being the newest method. The aim of this article is to review the relevant literature to present the latest findings regarding the preparation, application and efficacy of PRP in osteoarthritis and the effects of combining PRP with other forms of biological and conservative treatment as a possible new and more successful method of treating osteoarthritis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Scopus databases using specific keywords. To ensure that only high-quality evidence was included, only randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses and narrative reviews published in English between 2010 and 2024 were considered. There are many factors that make each PRP unique, making it difficult to prove its absolute effectiveness with certainty. Currently, increasing research is being conducted on combination therapy, as it has been shown that it may provide better results than PRP, hyaluronic acid or corticosteroids alone. In conclusion, PRP has shown promising results as a potential new and more successful method of treating osteoarthritis.