Efficacy of Balance Training Program in Cerebellar Atrophy: A Case Study

Abstract

Cerebellar atrophy leads to impaired balance, coordination, and gait, significantly affecting functional independence in children. This case report aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured, goal-oriented physiotherapy protocol focused on static and dynamic balance training, co-ordination exercises, and strengthening in improving functional mobility in a 9-year-old child with cerebellar atrophy. A 9-year-old male with a confirmed diagnosis of cerebellar atrophy, history of birth asphyxia, and recurrent falls underwent an eight-week physiotherapy intervention. Pre-assessment revealed impaired coordination, increased muscle tone in upper and lower limbs, and markedly reduced balance with a Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) score of 12/56. The intervention included upper and lower limb strengthening, core stabilization, Frenkel coordination exercises, and progressively challenging balance activities on unstable surfaces such as pillows, bean bags, mattresses, and wobble boards. Dynamic tasks included tandem walking and figure-of-eight walking. Post-intervention assessment was conducted using the same outcome measure. The child demonstrated notable improvements in postural stability, coordination, and functional balance. The PBS score increased from 12/56 pre-treatment to 32/56 post-treatment, indicating enhanced independence in activities of daily living. Clinical observations also showed better weight shifting, improved standing tolerance, and reduced gait instability. An individualized and structured physiotherapy protocol incorporating balance training on uneven surfaces, coordination exercises, and strengthening can significantly improve functional outcomes in children with cerebellar atrophy. Early and consistent physiotherapy intervention may enhance motor control, reduce fall risk, and improve overall quality of life in pediatric ataxia cases.